Laser cutting machines can be classified into two categories according to the cutting technology, which are pulse laser cutting machines suitable for cutting metal materials and continuous laser cutting machines for cutting non-metal materials. Several key technologies of laser cutting machine are the comprehensive technology of optical, mechanical and electrical integration. Among them, the laser beam parameters, the performance and precision of the machine and the CNC system will directly affect the quality and efficiency of laser cutting. For those with high cutting precision requirements, the following main technologies need to be mastered. The following professional metal tube laser cutting machine manufacturer Men-Luck will introduce in detail.
1. Trajectory control of laser cutting head
The trajectory control of the laser cutting head is a very important link in the metal tube laser cutting machine. It directly affects the accuracy and efficiency of laser cutting. In the metal tube laser cutting machine, the processed tube may be a spatial surface with complex shapes, and it is difficult to process it by conventional methods. The laser cutting head needs to move according to the predetermined trajectory, and then record the coordinate values of the processing process through the spatial linear and circular interpolation functions of the laser cutting system, and generate a processing program to complete the cutting of the metal pipe. Therefore, the trajectory control of the laser cutting head needs to be precise and stable.
At present, the trajectory control of the laser cutting head is mainly realized by magnetic induction absolute encoder and high-precision servo motor. The magnetic induction absolute encoder can realize high-precision detection of the position of the laser cutting head, and the high-precision servo motor can realize high-speed control of the position of the laser cutting head. Through the synergistic effect of the two, precise control of the trajectory of the laser cutting head can be achieved.
2. Light guide focusing system of laser cutting machine
The light guiding and focusing system of the laser cutting machine is also a very important link in the metal tube laser cutting machine. The light guide focusing system is mainly composed of lens group, reflector group, focusing lens group, etc. Its function is to export the laser beam from the laser generator to the laser cutting head. To obtain high-quality slits, the focusing of the focused beam is required. The spot diameter is small and the power is high, which requires the transverse mode order of the laser to be small, preferably the fundamental mode. The cutting head of the laser equipment is equipped with a focusing lens. When the laser beam is focused through the lens, a smaller focused spot can be obtained for high-quality metal tube cutting.
In the metal tube laser cutting machine, the light guide focusing system needs to have the characteristics of high precision, high stability and high efficiency. Therefore, when designing the light guiding and focusing system, multiple factors need to be considered, such as the material, surface quality, and processing accuracy of the lens group and mirror group. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider the matching between the light guide focusing system and the laser generator to ensure that the laser light can be effectively guided and focused.
3. Automatic control of laser cutting focus position
Due to the various shapes of metal pipes, it is necessary to adjust the laser focus position according to different shapes of metal pipes to ensure that the metal pipes can be cut accurately. At present, the automatic control of the focus position of laser cutting is mainly realized by the vision system and the automatic focusing system. The vision system can recognize and process the image of the metal pipe to determine the laser focus position; while the automatic focusing system can automatically adjust the laser focus position according to different shapes of metal pipes. Through the synergistic effect of the two, automatic control of the laser focus position can be realized.
The above items are very important as the key technologies of the metal tube laser cutting machine, but the key technologies themselves are multifaceted and need to be optimized and improved in multiple links. Only by continuously improving the level of key technologies can we better meet market demand and promote the development of the metal pipe processing industry.
Post time: Jun-25-2023